Debian12自带的QGIS版本比较老旧，还是3.22版本，希望使用最新版本的QGIS 3.34.1版本，就需要手动添加软件源：
MeGusta
sudo wget -O /etc/apt/keyrings/qgis-archive-keyring.gpg https://download.qgis.org/downloads/qgis-archive-keyring.gpg
sudo cat << EOF | sudo sed 'w /etc/apt/sources.list.d/qgis.sources'
Types: deb deb-src
URIs: https://qgis.org/debian
Suites: bookworm
Architectures: amd64
Components: main
Signed-By: /etc/apt/keyrings/qgis-archive-keyring.gpg
EOF
sudo apt update && sudo apt install qgis -y
sudo wget https://linux-clients.seafile.com/seafile.asc -O /usr/share/keyrings/seafile-keyring.asc
echo "deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/seafile-keyring.asc] https://linux-clients.seafile.com/seafile-deb/bookworm/ stable main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/seafile.list > /dev/null
sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y seafile-gui